Introduction

HTML is an acronym for HyperText Markup Language, and it is the standard language for creating web-pages. Every web page you surf on your browser is built using HTML. The primary use of HTML to provide a proper structure to the web-page so all the content or data of the page could represent adequately. A stand-alone HTML can create only static and skeleton looking black and white pages, but with the help of CSS and JavaScript , we can create a more interactive and intuitive web-page. When we try to visit a website or click on the link, we basically request the server to show us the page, then the server acts on our request and sends us an appropriate HTML document as a response. Then this HTML document parsed by browse, and we able to see the content.

HTML Document

                            <!DOCTYPE html>
                            <html>
                            <head>
                            <title>Page Title</title>
                            </head>
                            <body>

                            <h1>This is a Heading</h1>
                            <p>This is a paragraph.</p>

                            </body>
                            </html>
                                
                        

HTML Editors

However, you can use notepad to create and edit HTML documents, but we recommend to install an open-source editor. There are many free to use text-editor software present on the internet, which provides a better interactive User interface and some add-on functionality which you miss on a notepad.

Here is the list of top 4 HTML text editors you can pick:

  • Sublime Text Editor
  • Notepad++
  • Visual Studio Code
  • Atom

HTML Elements

The HTML elements provide the semantic meaning to the web-page content. We usually interchangeably use the term HTML elements and tags, but technically both are different. An HTML tag is just a character inside the angle bracket<>, whereas the HTML element is a collection of starting tag, its attribute, content and end tag. For example:

<p class= "para"> Hello World </p>

HTML Attributes

In HTML, the attributes are used to provide additional information about the elements. For most of the HTML elements, attributes are optional, but there are some elements where we have to deliver the attributes. Attributes always specified within the opening tag of the HTML element and they specified in a name and value pair. Example

<image src= "cat.jpg" alt ="cat image">

In this example src ="cat.jpg" and alt="cat image" are two attributes where src and alt are attributes name and "cat.jpg" and "cat image" are attributes values. Here alt attribute is optional, but src is mandatory because src specify which image to show. There should be at least one space gap between two attributes, and the value of the attributes must have resided in the double inverted comma. Some most important HTML

HTML Heading

To display the section heading, title or subtitle we can use the HTML heading tags. In HTML 5 we have 6 heading tags start from <h1> up to <h6>, where <h1> specify the largest heading and <h6> represent the smallest or sub heading. If the content is specified by heading tags, then it would be displayed large and bold as compared to other text content present on the web-page. Example

                         <h1>First Heading </h1>
                          <h2>Second Heading </h2>
                          <h3>Third Heading </h3>
                          <h4>Forth Heading </h4>
                          <h5>Fifth Heading </h5>
                          <h6>Sixth Heading </h6>

HTML Paragraph

In HTML paragraphs can be defined using <p> element. Paragraph text always starts from a new line, the browser parsed the <p> tag and automatically add some margin and white space after the end </p> tag.

                            <p> Hello! and Welcome to TechGeekBuzz </p>
                              <p> Here you get to know all about the latest technology. </p>

HTML Style

Every browser has a specific engine that parses the HTML document and displays a default style of the page content.

<body style="background-color:yellow;">
              
                              <h1>TechGeekBuzz</h1>
                              <p>Welcome to TechGeekBuzz.</p>
                              
                              </body>

HTML Formatting

In HTML, we have many special elements that can provide special meaning to text content.

HTML Elements Description
<b> Bold the text
<strong> An alternative for <b>, which tell that this text is essential.
<i> Italic the text
<em> Similar to italic but used when we want to emphasize the text.
<mark> It marks the text with a default "yellow" background colour
<small> Decrease the text size
<del> It prints a cross line over the text.
<ins> Represents the inserted text by putting an underline.
<sub> This element is used to display the subscript.
<sup> It can make a text superscript.

Reference